Surfacing machine



July 9, 1940.

E. McM. PENNQCK E-r AL 2,207,225

SURFACING MACHINE Filed Oct. 1l, 1935 5 vSheers-Sheex, l

MMM

July 9, l940- E. McM. PENNocK Er AL 2,207,225

SURFACING MACHINE Filed Oct. 1l, 1935 '3 Sheets-Sheet 2 lita/elution?A-fbi/m9044011. P /vNocK @EL ,e/cE

` Avv-ORNE Yr July 9, 1940 E. MCM. PENNocK E-r A1. 2,207,225 Y SURFACINGMACHINE F11ed oct. 11, 1935 s sheets-sheet s llllllll- ATTORNEY@Patented July 9, 1940 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE sUnFAoING MACHINEApplication October 11, 1935, Serial No. 44,576

6 Claims.

This invention relates to improvements in surfacing machines, and animportant object is to provide a surfacing machine having an electricmotor-operated rotatable abrading or polishing s means.

An essential object is to provide a detachable hollow abrading orpolishing element, with connecting means therefor by which the elementcan be detachably interlockingly secured to a l=`- spindle, and by whichsuch an attachment can be made, whatever end of the element is firstintroduced onto the spindle during assembly.

Another object of the invention is to provide a suitable arrangement fordetachably securing il. to a spindle an abrading or polishing element ofsubstantially greater length than the spindle, whereby it is possible touse long as well as short elements of this character in a power drivenmachine without changing the spindle.

n A further object is to provide a securing arrangement for reversiblysecuring to a power driven spindle an abrading or polishing element ofgreater length than the spindle, the same being of such character thatthe element will occupy the same relative position lengthwise of thespindle which ever end of the element is first introduced onto thespindle during assembly.

Another object is to provide a double rod scheme of connection for thehollow abrading or polishing element, which includes one rod which isinterlockingly engaged with the spindle, and another rod capable of suchinterlocking engagement after the shell is removed and reversed end ufor end and again placed on the spindle. If said element is a brush, forexample, and if the bristles have been bent in one direction to attenedand less eective position as a result of use, they can be reversely bentand brought to a more eiective position, by removing the brush, turningit end for end, reconnecting it with the spindle and continuingoperation. Such an arrangement is useful particularly where the elementis of a length over twice the length of the spindle, and enables theelement to .be mounted reversibly in the same position on the spindle.

Features of the invention include all details of construction, alongwith the broader ideas of means inherent in the disclosure.

Objects. features and advantages of the invention will be set forth inthe description of the drawings forming a part of this application, andin said drawings Figure l is a vertical sectional elevation taken usubstantially on line I-I of Figure 2;

Figure 2 is a plan view with the major portion of the control barremoved;

' Figure 3 isl a plan section taken approximately on line 3-3 of Figure1 showing the complete spindle but only a portion of the surfacetreating member and its surrounding hood;

Figure 4 is a rear elevation;

Figure 5 is a plan of the upper end of the control bar showing thehandles and switch box;

Figure 6 is a section showing the locking relation of the brush-securingmeans to the spindle allowing end to end reversal as employed with abrush substantially twice the length of the spindle;

Figure 7 is a View similar to Figure 6 showing a double rod constructionallowing end to end reversal as employed with a brush more than twicethe length of the spindle;

Figure 8 is a view illustrating how the bristles ybecome flattened andless effective as a result of rotation in one direction;

Figure 9 shows the brush after end to end reversal;

Figure 10 shows.how the bristles are made more effective duringcontinued abrasive action after reversal.

Numeral I indicates the rear plate-like section of a two-section machinebase. Referring to Figures 1 and 2: Numeral 2 generally indicates thefront section having, see Figure 3, a forwardly or longitudinallyextending upright wall 3, and a transversely extending upright wall 4,at right angles to the wall 3, and integrally connected therewith. Theupper periphery 'I of the wall 3 (see Figure 1) is semi-circular. Thewall 4 curves upwardly and forwardly as at 6, see Figures 1 and 2, andmergesinto the portion I of the wall 3. The wall 4 is provided withtransversely spaced horizontal sockets 8, each slidably receiving arearwardly extending bar 9. Each bar slidably passes through a pair oflongitudinally spaced sockets respectively indicated I2 and I3. 'Ihebars 9 are fixed in the sockets I2 and I3, and set screws I5 areprovided one for each socket 8 to adjustably secure the rods to allowfor belt tightening adjustments lengthwise of the machine as hereinaftermore fully described.

vThe .plate I at the rear has transversely spaced and axially alignedsupporting rollers 2l) acting as fulcra, the rollers being suitablyjournaled in depending legs 2| of plate or section I. The upright wall 3is provided with a transverse bearing 23 which extends at opposite sidesof the plate, as shown. This bearing has an outerk 55 bushing 24 inwhich are placed bushings 25. In bushings 25 is journaled a shaft 21having a pulley 28 connected by belt 29 to pulley 30 of shaft 3l of anelectric motor 32 suitably, preferably adjustably, mounted on` thesection I. This motor may be of any preferred form but includes theusual. starting winding or windings, and means is provided for signalingthe operator for the purpose of indicating that this starting Winding isin danger as a result of slowing down of the motor, by too great apressure on the abrading roll.

The machine is provided at the opposite or rear lside of theroller-fulcra with a control extension 35 by which the degree offrictional contact pressure between the abrading means, later to bedescribed, and the surface to be abraded is controlled. The circuitconnections for operating the motor include therein a signal,in thisinstance an electric bulb 3&6, having a suitable cover 31, all attachedto a casing 38 connected by elements 39 to the motor 32.

Referring to Figure 3, the control extension 35 is hollow and through itpass wires 46 leading from the casing 38 to a switch box 4I at the upperend of the extension 35, to which box are suitably attached handles 42',see Figure 5. The switch handle is indicated at 43 and the service cableis indicated at 44 and is provided with the usual plug 45. Neither thedetails of the switch nor of the wiring are shown, since they are wellknown and are not claimed per se herein.

The element 35 is adjustably lpivotally attached, as best shown inFigure 3, by means of a conical extension 46 rotatably tting acorresponding transversely extending opening in lug 41 of rear sectionI. This pivoting is at the rear of the frame and at that side-of thefulcra wheels 20 opposite the side on which the motor and the frontsection with its abrading means are arranged. The extension 46 haspassing therethrough a bolt 48 which is threaded to receive nut 49controlled by lever 50, in turn controlling a friction and expansionring 5I interposed as shown and slidably connected with slots 52 of theconical extension 46. By rotation of the lever 5D in direction of thearrow, Figure 1, the extension 46 is non-rotatably fixed in its adjustedposition.

Referring again to Figure 3: The shaft 21 has suitably keyed theretowhat is referred to `herein as an outboard spindle 60, so arranged as topermit easy introduction and removal of a hollow-cored abrasive devicedescribed below. This spindle is attached by a hub 6I which is part of adivision plate 62 located intermediately of the ends of the spindle.

The hollow cored abrasive means to be supported on the spindle forrotation thereby may comprise steel wool 1I as in Figures 1 and 3 orbrush bristles 10 as in Figures 6 and '7. Securing means for detachablylocking the abrasive means to the spindle is employed which is of suchcharacter that the abrasive means will be located in predeterminedposition lengthwise of the spindle, and which is so designed thatdifferent length abrasive means can be used on the same spindle.

As shown in Figures 1, 3 and 6 the abrading means includes a cylindricaltubular base member 65 which telescopically fits over the cylindricalspindle 60. The detachable securing means which serves to lock theabrasive means on the spindle includes diametrically relating bayonetslots 63 leading inwardly from the outer periphery of the spindle andlocated at the end thereof removed from the upright wall 3, see Figures-1 and 3. The cylindrical shell or drum which constitutes the basemember 65 of the abrasive means/comprises elements detachablyinterlocking with the spindle slots. In Figures 1, 3 and 6 such meansincludes a single rod 66 extending diametrically of the base member 65.In Figure 6 the rod 66BL is placed at the midpoint lengthwise or axiallyof the shell or drum 65 at substantially equal distances from theopposite ends of such member. Through this arrangement, and because thebayonet slots are located at one end of the spindle 60 the base member65 will be supported on the spindle with one end projecting therebeyond.Where as shown in Figure 6 the base member is substantially twice thelength of the spindle, approximately one-half the length of the basemember willy telescopically engage the spindle.

By positioning the rod 66a at about the midpoint axially of the basemember 65, it will be evident that the abrasive means will be supportedin corresponding position lengthwise of the spindle which ever end ofthe base member is applied over the spindle. This provides forreversibility of the abrasive means. on the spindle, and accordingly theabrasive means may be caused to rotate in either direction in relationto its operating' surface interchangeably taking any given direction ofrotation of the power driven spindle. This feature is particularlyuseful where the abrasive means comprises a bristle brush as in Figures6 and 7. Thus where the brush has been rotated for a period in onedirection so that the bristles have been bent over to a flattened orless eiective position as illustrated in Figure 8, the brush may bequickly removed and reversed end to end on the spindle so that thebristles incline in the direction of rotation as shown in Figure 9, andthrough further operation can be brought back to effective position asshown in Figure 10. The effective life of the brush can be prolonged inthis manner.

Where as in Figure 7 the base member 65a of the abrasive means issomewhat longer than twice the length of the spindle, it is important toprevent the innermost end ofthe abrasive means from coming in contactwith parts of the casing of the machine and to maintain such end in thesame relative position to the inner end 60 of the spindle, as inthe'construction of Figure 6. To this end diametrically extending rod 68will be slightly offset from the lengthwise midpoint of base member 65B.To provide for reversal, a second rod 69 is provided equally offset inthe opposite direction from the midpoint of the base member which willinterlock with the bayonet slots 63 at the end of the spindle when theother end of the member is applied over the spindle. By locating therods 68 and 69 at equal distances from the respective ends of thespindle in only slightly spaced relation to each other and adjacent themidpoint, it will be evident that base member 65 may be reversiblysupported on the Yspindle in the same relative position lengthwisethereof.

Referring to Figures 1, 3 and 6: It is noted that the use of the bayonetslot connection for the rod 66e, for example, in Figure 3, requires sucha direction of rotation of the outboard spindle as will cause the endswalls 63a of the slots to remain engaged with the rod. As shown inFigure .1, the direction of this rotation is counterclockwise. It is anobject herein not only to so rotate the outboard spindle as to causethis connection to be maintained, but also to rotate it so that steelwool Il which has been spirally wound about the drum 65 as in Figures 1and 3 will not be unwound but will, 11

' action.

anything, be tightened as a result of abrasive This arrangement hasrelation, of course, to the direction of the winding of the steel woolmaterial to produce the abrasive roll, and, in Figure 1, the dotted lineand arrows thereon represent the direction of travel of the web as it isbeing wound on the roll, and it will be noted that in this gure, thedirection of rotation in winding and in use, is counterclockwise asindicated by the arrow A. This dualpurpose uni-directional rotation is afeature of the invention, and of course is related to the character ofthe detachable locking means by which the drums or shells or 65 areattached to the outboard spindle 60. If the direction of the slots isreversed and the relation of the direction of winding to the directionof spindle rotation is maintained, as above described, the rotation ofthe spindle may be such as to assist in moving the machine forwardly,and it is intended to so operate. As shown inFigure 1, the direction ofrotation of the abrading roll at point of contact with the oor orsurface is opposite to that of the direction of travel of the machine.

A dust hood or cover for the spindle and steel wool roll or brush isprovided, this cover being generally indicated at 'l5 and being, ofcourse, open at the bottom. 'The cover, see Figure 3, only a portion ofwhich is shown, is provided with a circumferential shoulder 16 which tscorre sponding shoulder 'I1 of the elements 6 and 'l and the cover 15,see Figure 1, is provided with a bolt 18 passing through an opening 19of the plate element 4. A wing nut 80 is threaded on the bolt as shown.It will be understood that long covers are provided when long brushes orabrasive elements are used as best shown in Figures 6 and 7. A plate 82,see Figures 3 and 1, is held by screws 83, as shown in Figure 3, andthis plate is cut out as at 84 to partly surround the inner end of thespindle as shown.

Features of the invention include the abrasive drum locking means andthe connection of the abrading drum and rotation of the spindle in suchdirection as to prevent unlocking detachment of the drum-securing meansfrom the spindle and such as to cause the wool to be wound more tightlyon the drum while abrasive action Vof the wool on the surface to beabraded is taking place; the

provision of a connection for the abrading roll by which it can bereversed, particularly for use with a brush, for prolonging the life ofthe brush; and all details of construction, along with the broader ideasof means inherent in the disclosure.

We claim as our invention:

1. In combination with a rotatable supporting drum having diametricallyrelated slots adjacent one end thereof leading inwardly from the outerperiphery, a cylindrical shell as the base of a brush having bristles,said shell tting over said drum and projecting beyond the slotted end oithe drum a diametrically related rod detachably interlocking with saidslots and secured to the shell at a point substantially midway betweenthe shell ends so as to be capable of such interlocking and adapted tosupport the shell in substantially the same location on the drumwhatever end of the shell is tted over the drum during assembly, wherebythe shell can be removed and reversed end for end and again operablyattached to the drum so that upon rotation of the drum in' the samedirection bristles which have been bent in one direction to flattenedand less eiective position are reversely bent and brought to a moreeil'ective position during continued abrasive action, thereby prolongingthe lite of the brush.

.2. In combination with a rotary cylindrical supporting member havingdiametrically related bayonet slots extending inwardly from one end, arotary surface treating member having a tubular base removably fittingover the supporting member and being reversibly mountable thereon witheither end of the base overlying the supporting member, a pair ofdiametrically extending locking rods each adapted to interlock with saidslots of the supporting member, said rods being secured to the base inaxially spaced relation at substantially equal distances on oppositesides oi' the mid point of the base member so that the base member ismountable on the supporting member reversibly, with either end of thebase member overlying the supporting member, in substantially the sameoperative position lengthwise of the supporting member.

3. In combination with a cylindrical supporting member, a rotarypolishing brush having a cylindrical tubular base removably tted overthe supporting member, means respectively carried by said supportingmember and base cooperating to detachably secure the latter to theformer, said securing means on the base being located about midway ofits axial length and the axial length of the base being about twice thatof the axial length of the supporting member, said securing means on thesupporting member being located adjacent one end thereof so that thebase will be supported with one base end adjacent the opposite end ofthe supporting member from that carrying said securing means and withthe other base end projecting beyond the supporting member end whichcarries said securing means.

4. In combination with a hollow drum having at one edge a pair ofdiametrically related oppositely directed bayonet slots, a rotarypolishing brush having a tubular base removably tted over said drum andhaving a diametrically related rod disposed about midway of its axiallength and detachably engaged with said slots in such manner thatrotation in one direction tends to maintain the connection, the overalllength of the base being substantially twice that of the overall lengthof the drum, and one end of the brush projecting beyond that end of thedrum at which the connecting means is located.

5. A drum rotatably mounted, and having at one end thereof a pair ofdiametrically related inwardly extending slots, a surfacing memberhaving a base which removably iits the drum and which has an axiallength substantially twice that of the drum, said base having adiametrically related bar located about midway of its ends and adaptedto enter said slots and hold the base against rotation on the drum withone end of the base adjacent one end of the drum and the othmer end ofthe base projecting beyond the other end of the drum.

6. A device for reversibly securing to a rotary support having acylindrical surface a rotary surface treating member of greater lengththan the support, comprising a cylindrical tubular base for the surfacetreating member of greater length than the support telescopically tting`the cylindrical surface of the support and having opposite ends eachcapable of being applied over the supover the support and being adaptedto similarly secure the surface member in substantially the samelengthwise position when the surfacing member is reversed and the otherend of the tubular base is applied over the support.

EDWARD MCM. PENNOK. EARL E. PRICE.-

